/* ============================================================
   ASIA CAPITAL NOTES — DESIGN SYSTEM
   Visual reference: Asian Century Stocks (asiancenturystocks.com)
   Voice reference: Byrne Hobart (The Diff) / Zug Notes
   Accent: warm copper #B8763C  |  Ink: deep navy #14213D
   Base: paper warm #F7F4EE (paper-warm, not pure white)
   Typography: IBM Plex Serif 400/600 (body) + IBM Plex Sans 500/700 (heading) + IBM Plex Mono 400 (data)
   Layout: pure single-column 720px, NO sidebar (ACS pattern)
   ============================================================ */

:root {
  --copper:        #B8763C;
  --copper-soft:   #E8D7C0;
  --copper-deep:   #8B5524;
  --ink:           #14213D;
  --ink-soft:      #4A5266;
  --ink-mute:      #8A8E9C;
  --paper:         #F7F4EE;
  --paper-card:    #FBF9F4;
  --paper-rule:    #E5DFD2;
  --paper-deep:    #EFE9DC;
  --link:          #B8763C;
  --link-hover:    #8B5524;
  --font-serif:    'IBM Plex Serif', Georgia, serif;
  --font-sans:     'IBM Plex Sans', system-ui, sans-serif;
  --font-mono:     'IBM Plex Mono', ui-monospace, monospace;
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { font-size: 16px; }

body {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

/* ---- TYPOGRAPHY ---- */
h1, h2, h3, h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.22;
  color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
h1 { font-size: 2.4rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.65rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.0rem; }

p { margin-bottom: 1.1em; }

a {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: color 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease;
}
a:hover { color: var(--link-hover); border-bottom-color: var(--link-hover); }

time, .mono {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
code {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-weight: 400;
  background: var(--paper-deep);
  padding: 1px 6px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  font-size: 0.92em;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.figure { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

/* ---- UTILITY ---- */
.sr-only {
  position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border-width: 0;
}

.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--copper);
}

.section-rule {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
}
.section-rule.thick {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  margin: 3rem 0 2rem;
}

/* ============================================================
   GLOBAL HEADER / NAV
   ============================================================ */
.site-header {
  background: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
}

.header-inner {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 64px;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.site-logo {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  text-decoration: none;
  border: none;
}
.site-logo:hover { border: none; }

.site-logo-name {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  transition: color 0.18s ease;
}
.site-logo:hover .site-logo-name { color: var(--copper); }

.site-logo-tagline {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.64rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  margin-top: 3px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.1rem;
}

.site-nav a {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  border: none;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: color 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease;
}
.site-nav a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--copper-soft);
}
.site-nav a.active {
  color: var(--ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--copper);
}

.nav-cta {
  margin-left: 0.6rem;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper) !important;
  padding: 0.42rem 1rem !important;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.78rem !important;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  border: none !important;
  border-bottom: none !important;
  transition: background 0.18s ease;
}
.nav-cta:hover {
  background: var(--copper-deep);
  border-bottom: none !important;
}

/* Hamburger (hidden on desktop) */
.hamburger-btn {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 5px;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 8px;
}
.hamburger-btn span {
  display: block;
  width: 22px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--ink);
  border-radius: 1px;
  transition: transform 0.22s ease, opacity 0.22s ease;
}
.hamburger-btn[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform: rotate(45deg) translate(5px, 5px); }
.hamburger-btn[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.hamburger-btn[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(5px, -5px); }

/* ---- MOBILE DRAWER ---- */
.mobile-drawer {
  display: none;
  background: var(--paper);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  padding: 1.2rem 1.6rem 1.6rem;
  position: sticky;
  top: 64px;
  z-index: 99;
}
.mobile-drawer.open { display: block; }

.mobile-drawer .mobile-nav-links { list-style: none; }
.mobile-drawer .mobile-nav-links li { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule); }
.mobile-drawer .mobile-nav-links a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.85rem 0;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink);
  border: none;
}
.mobile-drawer .mobile-nav-links a:hover { color: var(--copper); border: none; }
.mobile-drawer .mobile-nav-links a.active { color: var(--copper); }
.mobile-drawer .mobile-cta {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  display: block;
  text-align: center;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper) !important;
  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  border: none !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   MAIN LAYOUT — pure single column (NO sidebar)
   ============================================================ */
.page-wrapper {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.6rem;
}
.page-wrapper.wide {
  max-width: 980px;
}

main {
  padding: 3rem 0 4rem;
}

/* ============================================================
   HOME PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.intro-banner {
  padding: 1rem 0 2.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}
.intro-banner .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 0.85rem; }
.intro-banner h1 {
  font-size: 2.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  max-width: 38ch;
  line-height: 1.18;
}
.intro-banner .intro-desc {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.6;
  max-width: 56ch;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Section header */
.section-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 0.55rem;
  margin: 2.8rem 0 1.5rem;
}
.section-header h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0;
}
.section-header .view-all {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  border: none;
}
.section-header .view-all:hover { color: var(--copper); border: none; }

/* Article list — text-only, ACS archive pattern */
.article-list { list-style: none; }
.article-item {
  padding: 1.4rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 92px 1fr;
  gap: 1.6rem;
  align-items: baseline;
}
.article-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.article-meta-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}
.article-date {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.article-cat {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--copper);
}

.article-title {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.article-title a { color: inherit; border: none; }
.article-title a:hover { color: var(--copper); border: none; }

.article-excerpt {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 60ch;
}

.article-byline {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  margin-top: 0.55rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

/* Featured (top item) — emphasis without thumbnail */
.article-item.featured {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 1.8rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.article-item.featured .article-title {
  font-size: 1.55rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
}
.article-item.featured .article-excerpt {
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

/* Topic strip (4 numbered cards) */
.topic-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 1px;
  background: var(--paper-rule);
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}
.topic-card {
  background: var(--paper-card);
  padding: 1.2rem 1.3rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  border: none;
  transition: background 0.18s ease;
}
.topic-card:hover {
  background: var(--paper-deep);
  border: none;
}
.topic-card .eyebrow {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.topic-card .topic-name {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.25;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.topic-card .topic-desc {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* ============================================================
   CATEGORY INDEX (list.html)
   ============================================================ */
.cat-header {
  padding: 1.5rem 0 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.cat-header .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 0.7rem; }
.cat-header h1 {
  font-size: 1.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
}
.cat-header .cat-desc {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  max-width: 58ch;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.cat-meta {
  margin-top: 0.9rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

/* ============================================================
   SINGLE ARTICLE
   ============================================================ */
.article-page-header {
  padding: 1.5rem 0 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  margin-bottom: 2.2rem;
}
.article-page-header .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 0.85rem; }
.article-page-header h1 {
  font-size: 2.15rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.18;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.012em;
}
.article-page-header .deck {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 58ch;
  margin-bottom: 1.4rem;
}
.article-byline-block {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.article-byline-block .author-name {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Article cover hero (page-bundle aware, optional) */
.article-cover {
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
}
.article-cover img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

/* Article body */
.article-body {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.article-body p { margin-bottom: 1.2em; }
.article-body strong { font-weight: 600; }
.article-body em { font-style: italic; }
.article-body h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 2.4rem 0 1rem;
  padding-top: 1.6rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.article-body h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 1.8rem 0 0.7rem;
}
.article-body ul, .article-body ol {
  margin: 0 0 1.2em 1.4em;
}
.article-body li { margin-bottom: 0.4em; }

/* Inline pull-quote — E station signature */
.pull-quote {
  margin: 2rem 0 2rem -1rem;
  padding: 0.4rem 0 0.4rem 1.4rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--copper);
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.pull-quote .attribution {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.6rem;
  font-style: normal;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

/* Data callout — Field Observation box */
.data-callout {
  background: var(--paper-card);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  padding: 1.2rem 1.4rem;
  margin: 1.8rem 0;
}
.data-callout .callout-label {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--copper);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  display: block;
}
.data-callout .callout-body {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.data-callout .callout-body p { margin-bottom: 0.6em; }
.data-callout .callout-body p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.data-callout .callout-body strong {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 0.92em;
  background: var(--copper-soft);
  padding: 0 4px;
}

/* Inline data table */
.data-table-wrap {
  margin: 1.8rem 0;
}
.data-table-wrap .data-table-inner {
  overflow-x: auto;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.data-table-wrap table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  min-width: 0;
}
.data-table-wrap thead th {
  text-align: left;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 0.55rem 0.6rem;
}
.data-table-wrap thead th .num,
.data-table-wrap tbody td .num {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.data-table-wrap thead th:has(.num),
.data-table-wrap tbody td:has(.num) {
  text-align: right;
}
.data-table-wrap tbody td {
  padding: 0.7rem 0.6rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  color: var(--ink);
}
.data-table-wrap tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.data-table-caption {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

/* Article footer (disclosure + about) */
.article-footer {
  margin-top: 3rem;
  padding-top: 1.8rem;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
}
.disclosure-box {
  background: var(--paper-deep);
  padding: 1.1rem 1.3rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.disclosure-box .disc-label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.subscribe-block {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: 1.8rem 1.6rem;
  margin: 2rem 0 1rem;
}
.subscribe-block .eyebrow {
  color: var(--copper-soft);
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
  display: block;
}
.subscribe-block h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--paper);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.subscribe-block p {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--paper-card);
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
  max-width: 52ch;
}
.subscribe-block .subscribe-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--copper);
  color: var(--paper) !important;
  padding: 0.55rem 1.2rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  border: none !important;
  transition: background 0.18s ease;
}
.subscribe-block .subscribe-btn:hover {
  background: var(--copper-deep);
  border: none !important;
}

.about-author-block {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: 1.4rem 0 0;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}
.about-author-block .author-avatar {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  background: var(--copper-soft);
  border-radius: 50%;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  color: var(--copper-deep);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.about-author-block .author-text {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.about-author-block .author-name-line {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

/* ============================================================
   Hugo internal pagination
   ============================================================ */
.pagination {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  margin: 2.5rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
}
.pagination li a {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
}
.pagination li.active a {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  border-color: var(--ink);
}

/* ============================================================
   FOOTER
   ============================================================ */
.site-footer {
  background: var(--paper-deep);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  padding: 2.5rem 0 2rem;
  margin-top: 4rem;
}
.footer-inner {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  align-items: start;
}
.footer-block h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}
.footer-block p,
.footer-block a {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.6;
  display: block;
  border: none;
}
.footer-block a:hover { color: var(--copper); border: none; }
.footer-tagline {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-top: 0.4rem;
  max-width: 32ch;
}
.footer-bottom {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 1.8rem auto 0;
  padding: 1.2rem 2rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-rule);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

/* ============================================================
   RWD breakpoint
   ============================================================ */
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .site-nav { display: none; }
  .hamburger-btn { display: flex; }
  .article-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.4rem;
  }
  .article-meta-col {
    flex-direction: row;
    gap: 0.8rem;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .footer-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }
  .footer-bottom {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }
  .topic-strip { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .article-page-header h1 { font-size: 1.65rem; }
  .article-body { font-size: 1rem; }
  .article-body h2 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
  .pull-quote {
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-right: 0;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
  }
  .data-table-wrap table { min-width: 480px; }
  .subscribe-block { padding: 1.4rem 1.2rem; }
  .intro-banner h1 { font-size: 1.55rem; }
}